Impartiality

The term “impartiality” refers to the attribute or quality of giving everyone his due whether it refers to rights or privileges. This means that when one denies another of things due him/her such as his rights and privileges, such a person is said to be partial or discriminatory.
Impartiality as a Christian virtue originates from the belief that we are all created equal and are equal in the sight of God.
In the epistle of James, the apostle condemns this vice (impartiality) which was found in the Church, and encouraged Christians to be impartial in order to ensure the virtues of unity, peace, justice and equality.

James’ teaching on Impartiality (James 2: 1-13)
The teaching of James on impartiality served as a correction to the problem of partiality which threatened the unity and interpersonal relationship in the early church. The rich were more favourably treated than the poor and this led to a class distinction among Christians (who were supposed to hold the faith of Jesus Christ which was invoked upon them at baptism).

James condemned the signs of impartiality he observed in the church. For example, the rich were regarded and treated as more important than the poor at public gatherings. The former (who were well dressed with gold rings) were given the best seats while the poor (who were obviously poorly dressed) were forced to sit on the floor or told to stand at the back. James noted that by such actions, Christians have shown themselves to be biased and partial judges.

James further clarified Christians on the implications of giving preferential treatment to the rich to the detriment of the poor. He said that the poor in the world (who are discriminated against) are chosen by God and made rich in faith in order to be the rightful heirs of the Kingdom of God promised to all who obey and love God. Also, James reminded Christians that the rich whom they prefer over the poor (and by so doing disrespect the poor) are the same group of people who are quick to oppress them, drag them to court where justice eludes them, and blaspheme the good name of the Lord.

James concluded by advising Christians not to be impartial, but to make the royal law their watchword: “Love your neighbor as yourself.” He warned them that if they continue to discriminate against the poor, they commit sin and are guilty of disobeying the law. For whoever keeps the whole law but fails in one point is guilty of disobeying/not fulfilling all the requirements of the law. For instance, if one commits adultery, but does not kill, such a person is still guilty of breaking the law. James cautions that the thoughts and actions of Christians must be in line with the law of liberty because a Christian who does not show mercy and compassion to the oppressed will be condemned by God.

Significance of James’ teaching on Impartiality
1. Partiality is a dangerous vice because it discourages merit and encourages mediocrity and sycophancy.
2. Christians should therefore desist from acts that discriminate against others.
3. Partiality in all its forms destabilizes unity, cordial relationship and encourages tribalism, favouritism which are contrary to Christian virtues.
4. Impartiality in words, thoughts and deed should be imbibed by all Christians as it is a sign of true Christian followership.
5. Material wealth should not be a means of classifying people in the church as undue attention to the socio-economic status of people derails their faith in Christ.

Manifestations of Partiality in our society
1. In the education sector, there is discrimination in the admission of candidates into higher institutions.
2. In the public service, promotions, appointments and employments are not based on merit but on favouritism, tribal or religious affiliation, monetary gain etc.
3. In the banks, there is discrimination in the way loan applications are treated- the rich are given preferential treatment over the poor.
4. In churches, the allocation of offices, promotions and postings are done equally or based on merit, rather tribal affiliations, cliques, and monetary gains are considered.

How Christians can fight against partiality/promote Impartiality
1. Christians can fight against partiality by speaking out against all forms of impartiality such as sectionalism, tribalism, favouritism.
2. In this era of mass media, the social media can be used to protest, condemn and create awareness on partiality in different areas of life such as the judiciary, education sector, government institutions etc.
3. Individually, Christians can promote impartiality by treating all equally, respecting the rights of minorities/women and the less privileged.